An Overview of Australia’s Independent Regional Airlines

Map of Australian regional airlines and their headquarters
There are 15 independent regional airlines operating scheduled passenger flights in Australia.

Australians are fairly well served by Qantas, Virgin Australia and Jetstar, the country’s three largest airlines. Between these airlines, as well as Qantas’ regional subsidiary QantasLink and Virgin Australia Regional Airlines, you can fly to many major cities and towns across Australia.

But Australia is a huge country, and the major airlines don’t fly everywhere. If you want to fly between two regional destinations, there’s also a good chance you’ll have to connect via a capital city if using Qantas, Virgin or Jetstar. This is where Australia’s many smaller, independent regional airlines come in.

Australia has many smaller, independent regional airlines

By our count, there are around 15 smaller airlines connecting Australia’s regional and remote communities with regularly scheduled passenger service. You probably haven’t even heard of some of these companies, but they play a vital role in the communities that they serve.

A small handful of these airlines also operate some services on behalf of Qantas or Virgin Australia. For example, Link Airways operates the Sydney-Canberra route for Virgin Australia. Skytrans will soon operate some flights for QantasLink. Alliance Airlines operates selected flights for both QantasLink and Virgin.

Virgin Australia and Link Airways flight attendants with a Link Saab 340
Virgin Australia has a partnership with Link Airways. Photo: Virgin Australia.

Link Airways and FlyPelican also have partnerships with Velocity Frequent Flyer, allowing their passengers to earn Velocity points. Rex also has its own Rex Flyer loyalty program. But most of Australia’s regional airlines are not affiliated with any loyalty programs.

Scheduled services on some of the very small regional players do not even appear on Google Flights. So you would need to go directly to the airline’s website or a travel agent to check their schedules and make a booking.

Some of these airlines operate on routes that are regulated by state governments. Under this arrangement, the WA, NSW and Queensland governments provide the airline with a guaranteed monopoly in certain markets with too few passengers to sustain multiple airlines.

Here’s an overview of Australia’s regional carriers operating scheduled passenger flights, aside from QantasLink and Virgin Australia Regional Airlines…

Regional Express (Rex)

Rex, short for Regional Express, is Australia’s largest independent regional airline. It was founded in 2002 as an amalgamation of Hazelton and Kendell Airlines, two regional airlines that had been owned by Ansett prior to that airline’s collapse the year before. (Fun fact: Rex’s “ZL” IATA code comes from Hazelton Airlines.)

Rex is currently the world’s largest operator of Saab 340 turboprops, which is the only aircraft it currently has in regular commercial passenger service. According to Rex’s website, the airline has 61 Saab 340s in its fleet. However, only around half of these are currently in service. Some of them are grounded due to a lack of spare parts, and the airline has also complained of pilot shortages.

Rex Saab 340 at Sydney Airport
A Rex Saab 340 at Sydney Airport. Photo: Matt Graham.

From 2021 until 2024, Rex also flew Boeing 737-800s on routes between major cities, but the failed 737 experiment ended up putting the company in voluntary administration.

At the time of writing, Rex is still in administration. However, it continues to operate its core network of regional routes to Australian country towns with the backing of the federal government. The airline is currently up for sale, but the government has declared itself a buyer of last resort in case a private buyer can’t be found.

Rex is Australia’s only regional airline to operate airport lounges.

The Rex Lounge at Sydney Airport T2
The Rex Lounge at Sydney Airport T2. Photo: Matt Graham.

Alliance Airlines

Alliance Airlines operates lots of FIFO charters to mining sites across Australia, as well as flights on behalf of Virgin Australia Regional Airlines and QantasLink. For example, all of QantasLink’s Embraer E190 services are operated by Alliance Airlines.

Alliance Airlines E190 at Canberra Airport
Alliance Airlines E190 at Canberra Airport. Photo: Matt Graham.

Other than the E190, Alliance flies Fokker 70 and Fokker 100 jets.

Alliance does operate a few regularly scheduled routes that the general public can book tickets on directly on the Alliance Airlines website. These include:

  • Adelaide-Olympic Dam
  • Perth-Kalgoorlie
  • Brisbane-Moranbah
  • Brisbane-Weipa
  • Cairns-Weipa
  • Cairns-Groote Eylandt

Airnorth

Based in Darwin, Airnorth flies a fleet of Embraer jets and turboprops predominantly on routes to, from and within the Northern Territory. Many of these routes, such as Darwin-Katherine and Perth-Alice Springs, are not served by other airlines.

It has one international service from Darwin to Dili in Timor Leste, which it operates alongside QantasLink.

Airnorth ended its partnership with Qantas Frequent Flyer in 2020.

Skytrans

Based in Cairns, Skytrans primarily operates Dash 8-100 services out of Cairns, Townsville and Horn Island. Most of its destinations are in the Cape York Peninsula and Torres Strait.

Until now, Skytrans has been a relatively niche operator in Far North Queensland with a fairly old fleet of Dash 8s. (The oldest one is over 40 years old, and was the fourth Dash 8 ever built.) But the company is now growing.

It was bought last year by Avia Solutions Group, which specialises in leasing aircraft to other airlines. Skytrans has just acquired its first jet, and in the future plans to operate Airbus A319s as well as A321F freighters on behalf of other airlines.

Skytrans has also bought QantasLink’s Dash 8-200 planes and will use them to operate the Sydney-Lord Howe Island route from next year. Qantas will codeshare on those services.

A Skytrans Dash 8-100 at Lord Howe Island
A Skytrans Dash 8-100 at Lord Howe Island. Photo: Qantas.

Based in Brisbane but with its company headquarters in Canberra, Link Airways (formerly Fly Corporate) operates turboprop planes on various regional routes in Queensland and south-eastern Australia. For example, it flies to both Melbourne and Brisbane from Wollongong, Orange and Dubbo. It also flies from Canberra to Newcastle, Hobart and Coffs Harbour.

Snack and orange juice on Link Airways in economy class
Snack service on Link Airways. Complimentary alcoholic beverages are also offered on some flights. Photo: Matt Graham.

Link Airways codeshares with Virgin Australia and offers some Velocity Frequent Flyer benefits. It also operates the Sydney-Canberra route on behalf of Virgin Australia.

Link Airways Saab 340 Economy cabin
Link Airways Saab 340 Economy cabin. Photo: Link Airways.

FlyPelican

FlyPelican’s niche is flying 19-passenger BAe Jetstream 32 planes on regional routes, mainly from its base at Newcastle Airport.

FlyPelican has a partnership with Velocity Frequent Flyer that allows customers to earn Velocity points and access Virgin Australia Lounges on certain ticket types, but it’s not as comprehensive as the Link Airways agreement.

Nexus Airlines

Launched in 2023 by the same parent company that owns Aviair, Nexus Airlines flies Dash 8 Q400 planes around regional Western Australia, as well as from Kununurra to Darwin. Its bases are in Broome and Geraldton.

Instead of a traditional frequent flyer program, Nexus runs a program called NexusGO that provides sponsorship opportunities in the towns that the airline flies to.

Nexus Airlines Dash 8 Q400
Nexus Airlines serves regional WA. Photo: Nexus Airlines.

Other Australian regional airlines

There is also a handful of very small airlines that operate a mix of charter, freight and scheduled passenger flights in specific markets:

  • Aviair is headquartered in Kununurra and operates various scheduled flights in the Kimberley region, including some WA government contract routes, mainly using Cessna 208 Caravan aircraft.
  • Skippers Aviation mainly operates FIFO mining charters from its base in Perth, but also has the WA government contract to operate the “Northern Goldfields” routes to towns including Laverton and Wiluna.
  • Sharp Airlines connects Flinders Island and King Island with Melbourne and Tasmania using Fairchild Metroliners, in addition to charter operations.
  • King Island Airlines operates flights between Melbourne’s Moorabbin Airport and King Island using Piper PA-31-350 Chieftain planes.
  • Air Link currently flies propeller planes from Dubbo to Bourke, Lightning Ridge and Walgett in northwest NSW.
  • Eastern Air Services flies small aircraft from Newcastle, Port Macquarie and Gold Coast to Lord Howe Island.
  • Fly Tiwi connects communities on the Tiwi, South Goulburn and Croker Islands, as well as Arnhem Land, to its main base in Darwin.
  • Hinterland Aviation predominantly flies Cessna 208 Caravan planes from Cairns to towns in Cape York, as well as from Horn Island to other islands in the Torres Strait.
Sharp Airlines Fairchild Swearingen Metro 23 in Launceston, Tasmania
A Sharp Airlines Fairchild Swearingen Metro 23 at Launceston Airport. Photo: Matt Graham.
The editor of Australian Frequent Flyer, Matt's passion for travel has taken him to over 90 countries… with the help of frequent flyer points, of course!
Matt's favourite destinations (so far) are Germany, Brazil & Kazakhstan. His interests include aviation, economics & foreign languages, and he has a soft spot for good food and red wine.

You can connect with Matt by posting on the Australian Frequent Flyer community forum and tagging @AFF Editor.
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I note that Seair in Queensland is not on this list - are their LYT services from HVB, YRED*, and OOL not considered here for some reason? There is a timetable published by Lade Eliot Island resort, but not on seair's own web site... I guess you could argue these are "scheduled charter?" Since CASA no longer distinguishes between RPT and charter for regulatory purposes (it's all Part 135 if the plane has 10 seats or more), I get that it's a grey area.

Once on this list would have been Sydney Seaplanes. For a while around 2016 (?), they operated regularly scheduled flights from Rose Bay, Sydney to the Hunter River, Newcastle with their C208 Caravan. They are trying to revive RPT flights , this time to Lake Burley Griffin, Canberra, but all has gone quiet on that front recently...

* Wikipedia lists no IATA code for Redcliffe.

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click to expand...

In the Virgin Lounge in Sydney I saw a flight to Cobar on the departures board - I can't recall the airline - possibly Pelican?

This article made me think of a few long lost regional airlines I flew on. Brindabella (I think it was owned by Qantas though?) SYD-Moree. Oxley Airlines used to fly out of Gunnedah and Tamworth - and I think maybe even Wee Waa. And wasn't there a Tamworth based airline with a name like Tamair or something?

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This article made me think of a few long lost regional airlines I flew on. Brindabella (I think it was owned by Qantas though?) SYD-Moree.

No, Brindabella did have a codeshare agreement with QF, but not any ownership interest. They failed in 2013 after a disastrous merger with Aeropelican, taking both airlines down (Aeropelican had been around since 1968.). The current Newcastle-based airline FlyPelican, mentioned in the article, was phoenix'd from Aeropelican's ashes and does cover some similar NSW locales such as Narrabri, Cobar, Mudgee, etc, with the venerable Jetstream 32.

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No, Brindabella did have a codeshare agreement with QF, but not any ownership interest. They failed in 2013 after a disastrous merger with Aeropelican, taking both airlines down (Aeropelican had been around since 1968.). The current Newcastle-based airline FlyPelican, mentioned in the article, was phoenix'd from Aeropelican's ashes and does cover some similar NSW locales such as Narrabri, Cobar, Mudgee, etc, with the venerable Jetstream 32.

Ah it makes sense. I think we booked through QF. Qantas(link) used to do a triangular flight between SYD, Moree and Narrabri when I worked up that way.
Aeropelican, there's a name. Did they fly out of Belmont or Williamstown?

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Ah it makes sense. I think we booked through QF. Qantas(link) used to do a triangular flight between SYD, Moree and Narrabri when I worked up that way.
Aeropelican, there's a name. Did they fly out of Belmont or Williamstown?

Aeropelican was a former AN subsidiary I believe (??)

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Aeropelican, there's a name. Did they fly out of Belmont or Williamstown?

Yes, Aeropelican started life flying out of Belmont and later moved to Newcastle airport.

Other past regional airline was East-West before it was rolled into Ansett.

Kendall and Hazelton that merged after the collapse of AN to become Rex.

Happy to be corrected on some that!

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I do wonder what the long term future holds for some of these smaller regional operators that use aircraft types that are no longer being built, and don't really have like-for-like replacements. I'm thinking of airlines using (for example) the Saab 340, Metroliners or BAe Jetstream turboprops. Eventually there won't be enough serviceable planes in these categories to go around.

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