Perth Airport- is it rated for an 'autoland'?

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purplegez

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The following article explains my questions..........

"Jet low on fuel sparked mayday call at Perth
23rd August 2007, 6:00 WST

A Qantas jet running low on fuel issued a rare mayday call after aborting two landing attempts at Perth Airport last year, a report from the Australian Transport Safety Bureau has revealed.
The report, published this week, said a Qantas A330 flying from Singapore on September 16 ran into trouble when weather conditions in Perth changed unexpectedly while the jet was en route.
The crew had allowed enough fuel for an expected easy landing in Perth, but heavy fog moved in when the flight was halfway to its destination, drastically reducing visibility.
The crew attempted to land at Perth twice before taking the drastic decision to carry out an autoland, essentially a landing using a computerised automatic pilot.

Perth is not rated for jets to carry out an autoland as it does not have the sophisticated computer equipment needed to guide aircraft in.

It was on the final approach that the Qantas flight issued the mayday, warning they were coming in on autoland with very limited visibility and little fuel left to circle and wait for the fog to clear.

“The crew calculated that at the completion of the approach the aircraft would have about 30 minutes margin over the minimum fuel reserves,” the ATSB report said.
“Based on the lack of alternatives and the intention to conduct an approach below minima, the crew transmitted a mayday to air traffic control.”

The ATSB said the landing was normal. The report praised the actions of the crew but used the incident as a warning to airlines that they must carry as much fuel as possible to allow jets to divert to another airport in similar emergencies.

The only other runway big enough in WA to take the A330 was Learmonth, 1110km from Perth, but the plane had passed the point where it had enough fuel to divert to the RAAF base near Exmouth.

Qantas chief pilot Chris Manning said the airline had accepted the ATSB recommendations and had changed fuel requirements for all flights into Perth when bad weather was forecast "

I was aboard this flight and was unaware of the "MAYDAY" call until reading about it in the newspaper some months later. :shock:

My questions are:

1. Is Perth now rated for an 'autoland'? (and if not, is it planned to be upgraded?)

2. Does Melbourne or Sydney airport have this facility? (more likely to be foggy there than sunny old Perth). I was on a flight that had two or three attempts at landing in fog at Melbourne and then was diverted to land at Sydney - this was at least 7 or 8 years ago.
 
There are no airports in Australia that support a full autoland in zero visibility AFAIK.
 
My questions are:

1. Is Perth now rated for an 'autoland'? (and if not, is it planned to be upgraded?)

As of two months ago PER still wasn't rated for autoland. On arriving from HKG in an A333 we had to do a couple of laps around the block just north of the airport while waiting for unexpected fog to clear. The pilot explained that the aircraft was equipped to land in fog but the airport wasn't. On the second lap he did explain that we would have to divert if the fog didn't lift so it sounds like the ATSB recommendation was definitely addressed. Fortunately we didn't need to divert.
 
Quite a few similarities in this incident to one that occurred with another A330 in Sydney a few years ago:

200401270
 
ILS landings are performed but not in conditions that would require ILS...

Melbourne, Perth and Sydney (and maybe others) have the equipment but CASA (I think) does not allow landings below SLAMs (Significant Alternate Lower Minima, conditions, which are aircraft and aerodrome dependent, of cloud base and horizontal visibility below which a landing can not be attempted visually)

Pilots occasionally use ILS to land at Mel and Syd to keep training up for use of ILS. there are cases of ILS being used in an emergency (ie not enough fuel to make it to an alternate airport). And Perth is one of those places that has come up a few times since alternate airports for the big equipment are a long way away... One of the reasons why fog forecasting is VERY important at Perth.
 
Oh and I should add we are a little behind on this, airports overseas would not work unless ILS landings in near-zero vis was allowed... I landed in Vancouver once and I only knew when we touched down when I felt it!
 
ILS landings are performed but not in conditions that would require ILS...

Melbourne, Perth and Sydney (and maybe others) have the equipment but CASA (I think) does not allow landings below SLAMs (Significant Alternate Lower Minima, conditions, which are aircraft and aerodrome dependent, of cloud base and horizontal visibility below which a landing can not be attempted visually)

Pilots occasionally use ILS to land at Mel and Syd to keep training up for use of ILS. there are cases of ILS being used in an emergency (ie not enough fuel to make it to an alternate airport). And Perth is one of those places that has come up a few times since alternate airports for the big equipment are a long way away... One of the reasons why fog forecasting is VERY important at Perth.

ILS is just a "component" of the autoland capability, its not the autoland as such, in fact you dont need an ILS to do an autoland when a MLS is in situ, interestingly the first MLS in the world was located at MEL, the remains of which are still visable.

For autoland systems to be approved for use you need the following:

1. Approval for aircraft to use Cat IIIc minima, this is not approved in Australia in either the law nor can a dispensation be given AFAIK, there are dispensations given for use of such minima by Australian Operators overseas.
2. Aircraft must have the correct equipment and crew must be rated for use of the equipment in an autoland system, usually triple nav systems are required.
3. The airport must have a precision landing system in place, mostly this is ILS but can include MLS as I indicated above.
4. The runway holding points must be moved to accomodate the navigation error possibility of a Cat III approach, again this is not done in Australia, the sharper pax seated at Windows will notice the Cat 1 holding points at most airports further back from the normal holding points on approach to the runway. There must be no obstuctions in the increased runway area that could endanger an aircraft.


Australia has not adopted the autoland system and approved it for use because the economics dont make sense, we do not have the occurance of bad weather often enough co-inciding with large traffic movements to warrant to expense and poor airport land utilisation Autoland requires. The use of alternative airports is a much better system economically for us, and the need for an aircraft to declare an emergency due to low fuel is vary rare in Australia given the alternate reserves system in place.

One must also consider that entrusting the lives of crew and pax fully to such a system is not foolproof, although it is still early days its thought the loss of a Turkish airlines 737 in February at Amsterdam was in some part attributable to the use of the autoland system coupled with a possible fault in one of the radar altimeters onboard.
 
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Thanks to all memebers for your very informative responses to my questions. :)
 
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