Now that is an interesting picture. If it were speedtape, it would qualify as most unusual, but, the only bit of tape that I can see is at the bottom right of the frame (near the ’no step’ boot mark). I think what you’re seeing is actually the structural surface of the wing. The paint has peeled off the carbon fibre, en masse, leaving that mix of jagged and straight edges. There’s a video on YT showing an aircraft losing a couple of square feet during landing. I wouldn’t be surprised if it lost most, or perhaps even all, of this paint, in the one flight. I’ve seen similar on some cars.
Whether the issue is poor or incorrect surface preparation when the aircraft was painted, or use of an inadequate paint system, it looks like this is becoming yet another large scale issue for Boeing. It’s possibly the same issue that AB are having with the 350.