Toledo looks interesting.
Yes indeed; what an incredible city. It is said that the history of Spain is reflected in the city of Toledo.
A brief history (with thanks to Lonely Planet, Wikipeadia, et al.)
The city dates back to the bronze age and was conquered by the Romans in 193 BC. There are numerous remains from Roman times, particularly drains, watercourses and the odd bit of road. There was also a significant number of Jews among the population from at least those Roman times. And as the late Roman Empire declined, the city was taken over by the Visigoths and became their capital.
Apparently infighting between the Visigoth nobles left the city vulnerable and in 711AD it was conquered by the Muslims with little resistance.
In 1085 Toledo was recaptured by Alfonso VI and then followed a period of prosperity where Jews, Christians and Muslims coexisted and flourished; well at least until the Pope got involved. The Vatican decided to reorganise Toledo as a seat of the church. Around 1492, Toledo’s Jews and Muslims were given the “choice” to convert to Christianity or get out. It is estimated that around 200,000 converted while 40,000 to 100,000 were forced into exile.
For a time, Toledo was the capital of the Spanish Empire until the capital was moved to Madrid in 1561. And in modern times, Toledo was a decisive point in the Spanish civil war with the siege of its
Alcazar.
The result is a city that has an incredible mix of Synagogues, Roman remains, Mosques, Churches, a Cathedral, Gothic architecture, a modern community and lots more.
Firstly, this is the
Mosque of Cristo de la Luz built in 999 AD.
In 1186 King Alfonso VIII gave the building to the Knights of the Order of St John, who converted it into a Christian Chapel and added an apse.