Not ATC, but a little bit closer to the direct application of air power. We worked very closely with ATC, especially in scenarios such as the above, both for the national security elements and for the NATO sovereignty missions. “What air defence doing?” Well, this kind of stuff…
The Russian long range aviation flights were not flight planned, (well I’m sure they were internally to the Russian Air Force, but not flight planned through the international flight information regions), nor did they speak to anyone managing the international airspace they flew through via radio and they didn’t squawk. They were at least smart enough to generally fly around FL250 which was below the enroute airways and not much of a problem well out in international airspace, but as they came closer to various coastlines they could conflict with climbing and descending RPT traffic. After being detected on primary radar or via other means, fighters would be scrambled to shadow them, providing a direct NATO response, but also as a safety measure. The fighters would squawk so that the position of the aircraft they were trailing could be seen by the international ATC community.
I recall one event where two Bears had launched out of north western Russia. They must have flown north toward the pole and then south, well off the coast of Norway, because they continued all the way down into the North Sea and flew a counter clockwise pattern therein. At one point there were a pair of RAF fighters, probably Typhoons after they’d newly picked up the Q role, an RAF tanker, a pair of Dutch F-16s and a German F-4 shadowing the bombers. As the package headed back north the various nations fighter escorts gradually headed back home and handed over responsibility for shadowing to a pair of newly launched Norwegian F-16s.
All of this was being coordinated between ops centres in the various countries and the ‘radar picture’ of what was occurring was shared between the NATO members via datalink for combined situational awareness.
As for the foreigner thing: as an Australian on exchange there were certain rules of engagement limits, so for national security operations (when activated) there had to be a Brit national ‘in the chair’. If you think about the concept of armed fighter aircraft being scrambled to intercept passenger aircraft you can probably understand why.
Sorry mods if too far off topic. I don’t think this would really justify a separate thread for one post.