I have arrived late to this robust discussion. I only heard the news of VA's financials on the car radio late today. But just to chip in with my two cents worth (and I suspect it is worth less than two cents as I admit my own ignorance of many airline industry things) :
I have always held the belief that Australia is simply too small for a pair of "large" domestic/international airlines. I think there is enough desire amongst aussies to support two domestic outfits, in the interest of fairness and to have an option when you get the sh_ts with one of the carriers. But Virgin has failed to really become a financially stable competitor to QF. I have never flown Virgin, but I can assure you that if I was a user, I would deem any FF points or similar about as safe as a bitcoin investment - ie absolute zero confidence.
I have also always felt that in the modern era, FF programs are a huge driver of consumer decision-making. Hence VA's lack of being in a global alliance is a severe handicap, perhaps a fatal one. I can only speak from my own perspective, but the lack of an alliance is the number one reason I have never even considered joining them. I have been a heavy traveler and predominantly in premium cabins - this is where I believe a lot of the real money is for many airlines. And I think perhaps that most frequent international travelers such as me really value alliance benefits. So to a high-value (ie profitable) pax the Virgin situation is just unappealing.
@HS-TQE says that VA joining Star Alliance is not going to happen. I understand that there are many barriers, from financial to "political" ones in doing this. But I am not privvy to the specifics so cannot comment on that. But what I can say is that I fear we will all have to get used to the idea of a near future where Australia only has one real airline.